按結(jie)構形式(shi)(shi)和受力(li)特點樓梯形式(shi)(shi)可分為板式(shi)(shi)、梁式(shi)(shi)、懸挑(剪刀(dao))式(shi)(shi)和螺旋式(shi)(shi)，前兩種(zhong)屬于(yu)平(ping)面受力(li)體(ti)系，后兩種(zhong)則為空間(jian)受力(li)體(ti)系。

板(ban)(ban)式樓梯是由梯段(duan)板(ban)(ban)、平(ping)臺(tai)板(ban)(ban)和平(ping)臺(tai)梁(liang)組成。梯段(duan)板(ban)(ban)是一塊帶踏步的斜板(ban)(ban)，斜板(ban)(ban)支(zhi)(zhi)承于(yu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)、下平(ping)臺(tai)梁(liang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，底層下端支(zhi)(zhi)承在(zai)地壟墻上(shang)(shang)(shang)。板(ban)(ban)式樓梯的優點(dian)是梯段(duan)板(ban)(ban)下表面平(ping)整，支(zhi)(zhi)模簡單;其(qi)缺點(dian)是梯段(duan)板(ban)(ban)跨度(du)較(jiao)(jiao)大時，斜板(ban)(ban)厚度(du)較(jiao)(jiao)大，結構(gou)材料用(yong)(yong)量較(jiao)(jiao)多。因此板(ban)(ban)式樓梯適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)可變(bian)荷載(zai)較(jiao)(jiao)小、梯段(duan)板(ban)(ban)跨度(du)一般(ban)不(bu)大于(yu)3m的情況。