按(an)結構形(xing)式(shi)和受力特點樓梯(ti)形(xing)式(shi)可分為(wei)板(ban)式(shi)、梁式(shi)、懸挑(剪刀)式(shi)和螺旋式(shi)，前兩(liang)種屬于平面受力體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，后兩(liang)種則為(wei)空間受力體(ti)(ti)系(xi)。

板(ban)(ban)(ban)式樓(lou)梯(ti)是由梯(ti)段(duan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)、平(ping)臺(tai)板(ban)(ban)(ban)和平(ping)臺(tai)梁組成。梯(ti)段(duan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)是一(yi)塊帶(dai)踏步的(de)斜板(ban)(ban)(ban)，斜板(ban)(ban)(ban)支(zhi)(zhi)承于上、下平(ping)臺(tai)梁上，底層下端支(zhi)(zhi)承在地壟墻上。板(ban)(ban)(ban)式樓(lou)梯(ti)的(de)優點是梯(ti)段(duan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)下表面平(ping)整，支(zhi)(zhi)模(mo)簡單;其(qi)缺點是梯(ti)段(duan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)跨度(du)較(jiao)大時，斜板(ban)(ban)(ban)厚(hou)度(du)較(jiao)大，結(jie)構(gou)材料用(yong)量(liang)較(jiao)多。因(yin)此板(ban)(ban)(ban)式樓(lou)梯(ti)適用(yong)于可變荷(he)載較(jiao)小、梯(ti)段(duan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)跨度(du)一(yi)般不大于3m的(de)情(qing)況。