按結構形式和受力特點樓梯形式可分(fen)為(wei)板(ban)式、梁式、懸挑(剪刀)式和螺(luo)旋式，前兩種屬于平(ping)面(mian)受力體(ti)系(xi)，后兩種則為(wei)空間受力體(ti)系(xi)。

板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)樓梯是(shi)(shi)由梯段(duan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)、平臺板(ban)(ban)(ban)和平臺梁組成。梯段(duan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)是(shi)(shi)一塊帶踏步的(de)(de)斜(xie)板(ban)(ban)(ban)，斜(xie)板(ban)(ban)(ban)支(zhi)承(cheng)于(yu)上、下平臺梁上，底(di)層下端支(zhi)承(cheng)在地壟墻上。板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)樓梯的(de)(de)優點(dian)是(shi)(shi)梯段(duan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)下表面平整，支(zhi)模簡單;其缺點(dian)是(shi)(shi)梯段(duan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)跨(kua)度(du)較(jiao)大時(shi)，斜(xie)板(ban)(ban)(ban)厚度(du)較(jiao)大，結構材料用(yong)量較(jiao)多。因此板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)樓梯適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)可變荷載(zai)較(jiao)小(xiao)、梯段(duan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)跨(kua)度(du)一般不大于(yu)3m的(de)(de)情況(kuang)。