按結構形(xing)式和受(shou)力特點(dian)樓梯(ti)形(xing)式可分為(wei)板式、梁式、懸挑(剪刀)式和螺旋式，前(qian)兩種(zhong)屬于平(ping)面(mian)受(shou)力體系，后兩種(zhong)則為(wei)空間受(shou)力體系。

板(ban)(ban)(ban)式樓梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)由(you)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)段板(ban)(ban)(ban)、平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)板(ban)(ban)(ban)和平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)梁(liang)組(zu)成(cheng)。梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)段板(ban)(ban)(ban)是(shi)(shi)一塊帶踏步的斜板(ban)(ban)(ban)，斜板(ban)(ban)(ban)支承于上(shang)、下平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)梁(liang)上(shang)，底層下端支承在地壟墻上(shang)。板(ban)(ban)(ban)式樓梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的優(you)點是(shi)(shi)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)段板(ban)(ban)(ban)下表面(mian)平(ping)整，支模(mo)簡單(dan);其缺點是(shi)(shi)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)段板(ban)(ban)(ban)跨度較(jiao)大時(shi)，斜板(ban)(ban)(ban)厚度較(jiao)大，結構材料用(yong)量較(jiao)多(duo)。因此(ci)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式樓梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)適(shi)用(yong)于可變荷載較(jiao)小、梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)段板(ban)(ban)(ban)跨度一般不(bu)大于3m的情況(kuang)。